Issue

Vol. 17 (2025)

Radiative Cooling Materials for Extreme Environmental Applications

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01835-9
Jianing Xu
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
Wei Xie
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
Hexiang Han
Shanghai Institute of Spacecraft Equipment, Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
Chengyu Xiao
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
Jing Li
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
Yifan Zhang
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
Shaowen Chen
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
Binyuan Zhao
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
Di Zhang
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
Han Zhou
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Han Zhou

hanzhou_81@sjtu.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 17 (2025), Article Number: 324

Abstract

Radiative cooling is a passive thermal management strategy that leverages the natural ability of materials to dissipate heat through infrared radiation. It has significant implications for energy efficiency, climate adaptation, and sustainable technology development, with applications in personal thermal management, building temperature regulation, and aerospace engineering. However, radiative cooling performance is susceptible to environmental aging and special environmental conditions, limiting its applicability in extreme environments. Herein, a critical review of extreme environmental radiative cooling is presented, focusing on enhancing environmental durability and cooling efficiency. This review first introduces the design principles of heat exchange channels, which are tailored based on the thermal flow equilibrium to optimize radiative cooling capacity in various extreme environments. Subsequently, recent advancements in radiative cooling materials and micro-nano structures that align with these principles are systematically discussed, with a focus on their implementation in terrestrial dwelling environments, terrestrial extreme environments, aeronautical environments, and space environments. Moreover, this review evaluates the cooling effects and anti-environmental abilities of extreme radiative cooling devices. Lastly, key challenges hindering the development of radiative cooling devices for extreme environmental applications are outlined, and potential strategies to overcome these limitations are proposed, aiming to prompt their future commercialization.


Highlights:
1 Heat exchange mechanisms for enhancing cooling performance and environmental tolerance are elucidated.
2 Challenges in extreme environments, along with the corresponding anti-environmental radiative cooling materials and micro-nano structures, are reviewed.
3 Valuable insights into enhancing the next generation of radiative cooling for extreme environmental applications are discussed.

Keywords

Extreme environment Radiative cooling material Micro-nano structure Heat exchange channel Latent heat
Xu, Jianing, Wei Xie, Hexiang Han, Chengyu Xiao, Jing Li, Yifan Zhang, Shaowen Chen, Binyuan Zhao, Di Zhang, and Han Zhou. 2025. “Radiative Cooling Materials for Extreme Environmental Applications”. Nano-Micro Letters 17 (July):324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01835-9.
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