Issue

Vol. 17 (2025)

Critical Bimetallic Phosphide Layer Enables Fast Electron Transfer and Extra Energy Supply for Flexible Quasi-Solid-State Zinc Batteries

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01784-3
Leixin Wu
School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
Linfeng Lv
School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
Yibo Xiong
School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
Wenwu Wang
School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
Xiaoqiao Liao
School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
Xiyao Huang
School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
Ruiqi Song
School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
Zhe Zhu
School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Yixue Duan
School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
Lei Wang
School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
Zeyu Ma
School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
Jiangwang Wang
School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
Fazal ul Nisa
School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
Kai Yang
School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
Muhammad Tahir
School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Longbing Qu
Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
Wenlong Cai
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
Liang He
School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Liang He

hel20@scu.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 17 (2025), Article Number: 266

Abstract

Nickel-based cathodes in aqueous nickel-zinc batteries typically suffer from sluggish reaction kinetics and limited energy density. In situ introduction of metal phosphides and rational construction of heterostructures can effectively promote electron/ion transport. However, the complex evolution of phosphidation and intractable phosphidizing degree greatly affect the composition of active phase, active sites, charge transfer rate, and ion adsorption strength of cathodes. Herein, the critical bimetallic phosphide layer (CBPL) is constructed on the NiCo-layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) skeleton by a controllable anion-exchange strategy, yielding a novel nanohybrid cathode (NiCo-P1.0, 1.0 representing the mass ratio of Na2H2PO2 to NiCo-LDH). The high-conductivity CBPL with the inner NiCo-LDH forms extensive heterostructures, effectively regulating the electronic structure via charge transfer, thereby improving electrical conductivity. Remarkably, the CBPL exhibits unexpected electrochemical activity and synergizes with NiCo-LDH for electrode reactions, ultimately delivering extra energy. Benefiting from the bifunctional CBPL, NiCo-P1.0 delivers an optimal capacity of 286.64 mAh g−1 at 1C (1C = 289 mAh g−1) and superb rate performance (a capacity retention of 72.22% at 40C). The assembled NiCo-P1.0//Zn battery achieves ultrahigh energy/power density (503.62 Wh kg−1/18.62 kW kg−1, based on the mass loading of active material on the cathode), and the flexible quasi-solid-state pouch cell validates its practicality. This work demonstrates the superiority of bifunctional CBPL for surface modification, providing an effective and scalable compositing strategy in achieving high-performance cathodes for aqueous batteries.


Highlights:
1 The critical bimetallic phosphide layer (CBPL) exhibits high electrical conductivity and forms heterostructures with NiCo-layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH), improving the electrical conductivity of the hybrid cathode (NiCo-P1.0).
2 CBPL facilitates OH⁻ adsorption and synergizes with NiCo-LDH in electrode reactions, delivering extra energy.
3 NiCo-P1.0 cathode delivers 286.64 mAh g⁻¹ at 1C with a retention of 72.22% at 40C. The assembled NiCo-P1.0//Zn battery achieves energy density/power density (503.62 Wh kg−1/18.62 kW kg−1). The flexible quasi-solid-state pouch cell maintains stable output after deformation.

Keywords

Bimetallic phosphide layer Dual functionality Fast electron transfer Energy supply Flexible quasi-solid-state batteries
Wu, Leixin, Linfeng Lv, Yibo Xiong, Wenwu Wang, Xiaoqiao Liao, Xiyao Huang, Ruiqi Song, Zhe Zhu, Yixue Duan, Lei Wang, Zeyu Ma, Jiangwang Wang, Fazal ul Nisa, Kai Yang, Muhammad Tahir, Longbing Qu, Wenlong Cai, and Liang He. 2025. “Critical Bimetallic Phosphide Layer Enables Fast Electron Transfer and Extra Energy Supply for Flexible Quasi-Solid-State Zinc Batteries”. Nano-Micro Letters 17 (May):266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01784-3.
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