Issue

Vol. 14 (2022)

Biomass-Derived Carbon Heterostructures Enable Environmentally Adaptive Wideband Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00750-z
Zhichao Lou
Jiangsu Co‑Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People’s Republic of China
Qiuyi Wang
Jiangsu Co‑Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People’s Republic of China
Ufuoma I. Kara
Willian G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Rajdeep S. Mamtani
Willian G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Xiaodi Zhou
Jiangsu Co‑Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People’s Republic of China
Huiyang Bian
Jiangsu Co‑Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People’s Republic of China
Zhihong Yang
Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Sciences, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
Yanjun Li
Jiangsu Co‑Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People’s Republic of China
Hualiang Lv
Willian G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Solomon Adera
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Xiaoguang Wang
Willian G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

Corresponding Author: Xiaoguang Wang

wang.12206@osu.edu

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 14 (2022), Article Number: 11

Abstract

Although advances in wireless technologies such as miniature and wearable electronics have improved the quality of our lives, the ubiquitous use of electronics comes at the expense of increased exposure to electromagnetic (EM) radiation. Up to date, extensive efforts have been made to develop high-performance EM absorbers based on synthetic materials. However, the design of an EM absorber with both exceptional EM dissipation ability and good environmental adaptability remains a substantial challenge. Here, we report the design of a class of carbon heterostructures via hierarchical assembly of graphitized lignocellulose derived from bamboo. Specifically, the assemblies of nanofibers and nanosheets behave as a nanometer-sized antenna, which results in an enhancement of the conductive loss. In addition, we show that the composition of cellulose and lignin in the precursor significantly influences the shape of the assembly and the formation of covalent bonds, which affect the dielectric response-ability and the surface hydrophobicity (the apparent contact angle of water can reach 135°). Finally, we demonstrate that the obtained carbon heterostructure maintains its wideband EM absorption with an effective absorption frequency ranging from 12.5 to 16.7 GHz under conditions that simulate the real-world environment, including exposure to rainwater with slightly acidic/alkaline pH values. Overall, the advances reported in this work provide new design principles for the synthesis of high-performance EM absorbers that can find practical applications in real-world environments.


Highlights:


1 A novel, non-porous carbon structure was obtained through pyrolysis of biomass heterostructures consisting of cellulose and lignin.
2 The novel class of biomass-derived carbon materials exhibit an enhanced electromagnetic (EM) loss capability due to the nano-antenna structure created by in-situ growth of carbon nanofibers on carbon nanosheets.
3 The designed carbon materials exhibit good hydrophobicity and acid/base resistance, suggesting a stable EM absorption performance in diverse environmental conditions, thus making it a good candidate for real world conditions.

Keywords

Electromagnetic dissipation Carbon heterostructure Environment adaptability Bamboo Lignocellulose
Lou, Zhichao, Qiuyi Wang, Ufuoma I. Kara, Rajdeep S. Mamtani, Xiaodi Zhou, Huiyang Bian, Zhihong Yang, Yanjun Li, Hualiang Lv, Solomon Adera, and Xiaoguang Wang. 2021. “Biomass-Derived Carbon Heterostructures Enable Environmentally Adaptive Wideband Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers”. Nano-Micro Letters 14 (December):11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00750-z.
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