Issue

Vol. 18 (2026)

Inorganic Interface Engineering for Stabilizing Zn Metal Anode

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01922-x
Shuguo Yuan
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
Wenqi Zhao
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
Zihao Song
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
Hai Lin
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
Xiangyang Zhao
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
Zhenxing Feng
School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
Zhichuan J. Xu
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
Hongjin Fan
School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
Qingli Zou
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Qingli Zou

zouql@buct.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 18 (2026), Article Number: 120

Abstract

Aqueous zinc (Zn) metal batteries (AZMBs) have distinct advantages in terms of safety and cost-effectiveness. However, the industrial application of AZMBs is currently not ready due to challenges of Zn dendrite growth and the side reactions such as hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on the Zn anodes. In this review, we discuss how inorganic interfaces impact the Zn2+ plating/stripping reaction and overall cell performance. The discussion is categorized based on the types of inorganic materials, including metal oxides, other metal compounds, and inorganic salts. The proposed protection mechanisms for Zn metal anodes are highlighted, with a focus on the dendrite and HER inhibition mechanisms facilitated by various inorganic materials. We also provide our perspective on the rational design of advanced interfaces to enable highly reversible Zn2+ plating/stripping reactions toward highly stable AZMBs, paving the way for their practical implementation in energy storage.


Highlights:
1 A broad overview of the inorganic interface engineering strategies, along with deep analysis of the mechanisms on regulating the Zn2+ plating/stripping process.
2 Identify the limitations of interface engineering strategies and provide our perspective on the future research, highlighting more comprehensive analysis of the interfaces.

Keywords

Zn metal batteries Interface engineering Aqueous electrolytes Dendrite-free
Yuan, Shuguo, Wenqi Zhao, Zihao Song, Hai Lin, Xiangyang Zhao, Zhenxing Feng, Zhichuan J. Xu, Hongjin Fan, and Qingli Zou. 2026. “Inorganic Interface Engineering for Stabilizing Zn Metal Anode”. Nano-Micro Letters 18 (January):120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01922-x.
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