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Vol. 13 (2021)

Towards High-Energy and Anti-Self-Discharge Zn-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors with New Understanding of the Electrochemistry

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00625-3
Yang Li
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, People’s Republic of China
Wang Yang
Centre for Clean Energy Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
Wu Yang
Centre for Clean Energy Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
Ziqi Wang
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, People’s Republic of China
Jianhua Rong
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, People’s Republic of China
Guoxiu Wang
Centre for Clean Energy Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
Chengjun Xu
Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People’s Republic of China
Feiyu Kang
Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People’s Republic of China
Liubing Dong
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Liubing Dong

donglb@jnu.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 13 (2021), Article Number: 95

Abstract

Aqueous Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSs) are increasingly being studied as a novel electrochemical energy storage system with prominent electrochemical performance, high safety and low cost. Herein, high-energy and anti-self-discharge ZHSs are realized based on the fibrous carbon cathodes with hierarchically porous surface and O/N heteroatom functional groups. Hierarchically porous surface of the fabricated free-standing fibrous carbon cathodes not only provides abundant active sites for divalent ion storage, but also optimizes ion transport kinetics. Consequently, the cathodes show a high gravimetric capacity of 156 mAh g−1, superior rate capability (79 mAh g−1 with a very short charge/discharge time of 14 s) and exceptional cycling stability. Meanwhile, hierarchical pore structure and suitable surface functional groups of the cathodes endow ZHSs with a high energy density of 127 Wh kg−1, a high power density of 15.3 kW kg−1 and good anti-self-discharge performance. Mechanism investigation reveals that ZHS electrochemistry involves cation adsorption/desorption and Zn4SO4(OH)6·5H2O formation/dissolution at low voltage and anion adsorption/desorption at high voltage on carbon cathodes. The roles of these reactions in energy storage of ZHSs are elucidated. This work not only paves a way for high-performance cathode materials of ZHSs, but also provides a deeper understanding of ZHS electrochemistry.


Highlights:


1 A surface engineering strategy was proposed to design hierarchically porous structure on fibrous carbon cathodes with O/N heteroatom functional groups.
2 High-energy and anti-self-discharge Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSs) were realized.
3 ZHS electrochemistry was investigated and new insights were provided.

Keywords

Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor Carbon material Fibrous cathode Hierarchical pore structure High-energy
Li, Yang, Wang Yang, Wu Yang, Ziqi Wang, Jianhua Rong, Guoxiu Wang, Chengjun Xu, Feiyu Kang, and Liubing Dong. 2021. “Towards High-Energy and Anti-Self-Discharge Zn-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors With New Understanding of the Electrochemistry”. Nano-Micro Letters 13 (March):95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00625-3.
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