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Vol. 13 (2021)

Electrolyte Concentration Regulation Boosting Zinc Storage Stability of High-Capacity K0.486V2O5 Cathode for Bendable Quasi-Solid-State Zinc Ion Batteries

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00554-7
Linpo Li
School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
Shuailei Liu
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
Wencong Liu
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
Deliang Ba
School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
Wenyi Liu
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
Qiuyue Gui
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
Yao Chen
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
Zuoqi Hu
School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
Yuanyuan Li
School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
Jinping Liu
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Jinping Liu

liujp@whut.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 13 (2021), Article Number: 34

Abstract

Vanadium-based cathodes have attracted great interest in aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) due to their large capacities, good rate performance and facile synthesis in large scale. However, their practical application is greatly hampered by vanadium dissolution issue in conventional dilute electrolytes. Herein, taking a new potassium vanadate K0.486V2O5 (KVO) cathode with large interlayer spacing (~ 0.95 nm) and high capacity as an example, we propose that the cycle life of vanadates can be greatly upgraded in AZIBs by regulating the concentration of ZnCl2 electrolyte, but with no need to approach “water-in-salt” threshold. With the optimized moderate concentration of 15 m ZnCl2 electrolyte, the KVO exhibits the best cycling stability with ~ 95.02% capacity retention after 1400 cycles. We further design a novel sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-moderate concentration ZnCl2 gel electrolyte with high ionic conductivity of 10.08 mS cm−1 for the first time and assemble a quasi-solid-state AZIB. This device is bendable with remarkable energy density (268.2 Wh kg−1), excellent stability (97.35% after 2800 cycles), low self-discharge rate, and good environmental (temperature, pressure) suitability, and is capable of powering small electronics. The device also exhibits good electrochemical performance with high KVO mass loading (5 and 10 mg cm−2). Our work sheds light on the feasibility of using moderately concentrated electrolyte to address the stability issue of aqueous soluble electrode materials.


Highlights:


1 Moderate-concentration ZnCl2 (15 m) was found to be effective for suppressing the dissolution of vanadate cathode, which was more stable and had 4 times higher ionic conductivity than 30 m “water-in-salt” electrolyte.
2 K0.486V2O5 with huge interlayer space of ~ 0.95 nm was chosen for the first time to assemble aqueous Zn ion batteries, giving rise to excellent rate performance and high energy and power densities.
3 A novel sodium carboxymethyl cellulose-15 m ZnCl2 hydrogel electrolyte with high ionic conductivity of 10.08 mS cm−1 was designed, enabling a bendable Zn ion battery with outstanding resistance to temperature and pressure.

Keywords

Electrolyte concentration regulation Quasi-solid-state Zn ion battery K0.486V2O5 Large interlayer spacing Cycling stability
Li, Linpo, Shuailei Liu, Wencong Liu, Deliang Ba, Wenyi Liu, Qiuyue Gui, Yao Chen, Zuoqi Hu, Yuanyuan Li, and Jinping Liu. 2021. “Electrolyte Concentration Regulation Boosting Zinc Storage Stability of High-Capacity K0.486V2O5 Cathode for Bendable Quasi-Solid-State Zinc Ion Batteries”. Nano-Micro Letters 13 (January):34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00554-7.
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