Issue

Vol. 16 (2024)

Moisture-Electric–Moisture-Sensitive Heterostructure Triggered Proton Hopping for Quality-Enhancing Moist-Electric Generator

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01260-w
Ya’nan Yang
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Jiaqi Wang
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Zhe Wang
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Changxiang Shao
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Yuyang Han
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Ying Wang
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Xiaoting Liu
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Xiaotong Sun
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Liru Wang
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Yuanyuan Li
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Qiang Guo
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Wenpeng Wu
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Nan Chen
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Liangti Qu
Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Nan Chen

gabechain@bit.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 16 (2024), Article Number: 56

Abstract

Moisture-enabled electricity (ME) is a method of converting the potential energy of water in the external environment into electrical energy through the interaction of functional materials with water molecules and can be directly applied to energy harvesting and signal expression. However, ME can be unreliable in numerous applications due to its sluggish response to moisture, thus sacrificing the value of fast energy harvesting and highly accurate information representation. Here, by constructing a moisture-electric–moisture-sensitive (ME-MS) heterostructure, we develop an efficient ME generator with ultra-fast electric response to moisture achieved by triggering Grotthuss protons hopping in the sensitized ZnO, which modulates the heterostructure built-in interfacial potential, enables quick response (0.435 s), an unprecedented ultra-fast response rate of 972.4 mV s−1, and a durable electrical signal output for 8 h without any attenuation. Our research provides an efficient way to generate electricity and important insight for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of moisture-generated carrier migration in ME generator, which has a more comprehensive working scene and can serve as a typical model for human health monitoring and smart medical electronics design.


Highlights:
1 An efficient moist-electric generator with ultra-fast electric response to moisture is achieved by triggering Grotthuss protons hopping in the moisture-electric–moisture-sensitive heterostructure.
2 The moist-electric generator produces a quick response (0.435 s), an unprecedented ultra-fast response rate of 972.4 mV s−1 to alternating moisture stimulation and stable output for 8 h.
3 An obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome diagnostic system based on a moist-electric generator was developed to monitor hypopnea and apnea in real time and successfully diagnose them with early warning.

Keywords

Moist-electric generators Grotthuss proton hopping Fast response Durable electrical output Personal health monitoring
Yang, Ya’nan, Jiaqi Wang, Zhe Wang, Changxiang Shao, Yuyang Han, Ying Wang, Xiaoting Liu, Xiaotong Sun, Liru Wang, Yuanyuan Li, Qiang Guo, Wenpeng Wu, Nan Chen, and Liangti Qu. 2023. “Moisture-Electric–Moisture-Sensitive Heterostructure Triggered Proton Hopping for Quality-Enhancing Moist-Electric Generator”. Nano-Micro Letters 16 (December):56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01260-w.
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