Issue

Vol. 18 (2026)

Aggregation-Induced-Emission Luminogens Functionalized MXene Nanosheets for Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel in Pyroptosis-Mediated Choroidal Melanoma Therapy

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-026-02077-z
Yingni Xu
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People’s Republic of China
Fei Wang
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People’s Republic of China
Wenfang Liu
School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
Ruibin Lin
School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
Cheng Liu
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People’s Republic of China
Qi Zhao
School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
Guokang He
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People’s Republic of China
Guiping Yuan
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People’s Republic of China
Weidong Yin
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People’s Republic of China
Fei Yu
Sun Yat‑Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510020, People’s Republic of China
Jianwei Sun
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People’s Republic of China
Ryan T. K. Kwok
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People’s Republic of China
Jacky W. Y. Lam
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People’s Republic of China
Li Ren
School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
Xuan Zhao
Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, People’s Republic of China
Jin Yuan
Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, People’s Republic of China
Ben Zhong Tang
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Ben Zhong Tang

tangbenz@cuhk.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 18 (2026), Article Number: 282

Abstract

Choroidal melanoma is a prevalent intraocular malignant tumor with high mortality rate and liver metastases, related to the lack of sensitive and noninvasive therapeutic modalities. To address the imaging diagnostics and therapeutic predicaments for choroidal melanoma, a novel nanoplatform is developed through the integration of an aggregation-induced emission photosensitizer with two-dimensional MXene nanosheets (MX@PEG-MeoTTPy). This nanoplatform simultaneously exhibits distinctive properties and multiple functions including exceptional biocompatibility, efficient type I reactive oxygen species generation, high-quality fluorescence bioimaging, mild near-infrared (NIR) photothermal performance and superior cellular uptake. Furthermore, a thermosensitive hydrogel composite is engineered to encapsulate the nanosheets, enabling controlled and sustained release over 72 h via NIR irradiation and tumor microenvironment-induced gel–sol transition. The nanoplatform leverages synergistic mild photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy, leading to precise and sustained tumor ablation through pyroptosis-mediated cell death. Both in vitro and in vivo studies validate that the nanosystem serves as an effective theranostic agent for dual-modal imaging-guided synergistic therapy, offering a multifaceted therapeutic strategy for intraocular tumors and showing significant potential for clinical application in choroidal melanoma therapy.


Highlights:
1 A pyroptosis mediated mild photothermal therapy (mPTT)/photodynamic therapy (PDT) enabled by aggregation induced emission married MXene nanosheets for choroidal melanoma is reported.
2 The nanosheets realize near infrared Fluorescence Imaging (FLI)- Photothermal Imaging (PTI) dual imaging guided synergistic mPTT/PDT therapy , while Agar/PSBMA hybrid hydrogel allows controlled nanosheets release over 72 h , enabling single injection, multiple treatment for precise theranostics.
3 The nanoplatform addresses the existed imaging diagnostics and therapeutic predicaments in choroidal melanoma.

Keywords

Aggregation-induced emission MXene nanosheets Choroidal melanoma theranostics Stimuli-responsive hydrogel Dual-modal imaging
Xu, Yingni, Fei Wang, Wenfang Liu, Ruibin Lin, Cheng Liu, Qi Zhao, Guokang He, Guiping Yuan, Weidong Yin, Fei Yu, Jianwei Sun, Ryan T. K. Kwok, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Li Ren, Xuan Zhao, Jin Yuan, and Ben Zhong Tang. 2026. “Aggregation-Induced-Emission Luminogens Functionalized MXene Nanosheets for Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel in Pyroptosis-Mediated Choroidal Melanoma Therapy”. Nano-Micro Letters 18 (March):282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-026-02077-z.
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