Issue

Vol. 18 (2026)

Dynamic Network- and Microcellular Architecture-Driven Biomass Elastomer toward Sustainable and Versatile Soft Electronics

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01942-7
Shanqiu Liu
Institute for Frontiers and Interdisciplinary Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China
Yi Shen
Institute for Frontiers and Interdisciplinary Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China
Yizhen Li
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Environmental Technology, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
Yunjie Mo
Institute for Frontiers and Interdisciplinary Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China
Enze Yu
Institute for Frontiers and Interdisciplinary Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China
Taotao Ge
Institute for Frontiers and Interdisciplinary Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China
Ping Li
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
Jingguo Li
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Environmental Technology, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Jingguo Li

lijg@ustc.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 18 (2026), Article Number: 88

Abstract

Conductive elastomers combining micromechanical sensitivity, lightweight adaptability, and environmental sustainability are critically needed for advanced flexible electronics requiring precise responsiveness and long-term wearability; however, the integration of these properties remains a significant challenge. Here, we present a biomass-derived conductive elastomer featuring a rationally engineered dynamic crosslinked network integrated with a tunable microporous architecture. This structural design imparts pronounced micromechanical sensitivity, an ultralow density (~ 0.25 g cm−3), and superior mechanical compliance for adaptive deformation. Moreover, the unique micro-spring effect derived from the porous architecture ensures exceptional stretchability (> 500% elongation at break) and superior resilience, delivering immediate and stable electrical response under both subtle (< 1%) and large (> 200%) mechanical stimuli. Intrinsic dynamic interactions endow the elastomer with efficient room temperature self-healing and complete recyclability without compromising performance. First-principles simulations clarify the mechanisms behind micropore formation and the resulting functionality. Beyond its facile and mild fabrication process, this work establishes a scalable route toward high-performance, sustainable conductive elastomers tailored for next-generation soft electronics.


Highlights:
1 Biomass-derived conductive elastomer featuring dynamic networks and microporous architecture enables ultralight and highly mechanosensitive soft electronics.
2 Micro-spring-like porous structure imparts excellent stretchability, superior resilience, and rapid and precise electrical responsiveness under subtle and large mechanical stimuli.
3 Intrinsic dynamic interactions enable efficient room temperature self-healing and full recyclability, promoting sustainable and scalable fabrication of advanced flexible electronics.

Keywords

Bio-based conductive elastomers Dynamic covalent chemistry Micromechanical sensitivity Soft electronics
Liu, Shanqiu, Yi Shen, Yizhen Li, Yunjie Mo, Enze Yu, Taotao Ge, Ping Li, and Jingguo Li. 2025. “Dynamic Network- and Microcellular Architecture-Driven Biomass Elastomer Toward Sustainable and Versatile Soft Electronics”. Nano-Micro Letters 18 (December):88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01942-7.
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