Issue

Vol. 12 (2020)

Bioinspired Multiscale Wrinkling Patterns on Curved Substrates: An Overview

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00436-y
Yinlong Tan
College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People’s Republic of China
Biru Hu
College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People’s Republic of China
Jia Song
College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People’s Republic of China
Zengyong Chu
College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People’s Republic of China
Wenjian Wu
College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Wenjian Wu

wjwu67@nudt.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 12 (2020), Article Number: 101

Abstract

The surface wrinkling of biological tissues is ubiquitous in nature. Accumulating evidence suggests that the mechanical force plays a significant role in shaping the biological morphologies. Controlled wrinkling has been demonstrated to be able to spontaneously form rich multiscale patterns, on either planar or curved surfaces. The surface wrinkling on planar substrates has been investigated thoroughly during the past decades. However, most wrinkling morphologies in nature are based on the curved biological surfaces and the research of controllable patterning on curved substrates still remains weak. The study of wrinkling on curved substrates is critical for understanding the biological growth, developing three-dimensional (3D) or four-dimensional (4D) fabrication techniques, and creating novel topographic patterns. In this review, fundamental wrinkling mechanics and recent advances in both fabrications and applications of the wrinkling patterns on curved substrates are summarized. The mechanics behind the wrinkles is compared between the planar and the curved cases. Beyond the film thickness, modulus ratio, and mismatch strain, the substrate curvature is one more significant parameter controlling the surface wrinkling. Curved substrates can be both solid and hollow with various 3D geometries across multiple length scales. Up to date, the wrinkling morphologies on solid/hollow core–shell spheres and cylinders have been simulated and selectively produced. Emerging applications of the curved topographic patterns have been found in smart wetting surfaces, cell culture interfaces, healthcare materials, and actuators, which may accelerate the development of artificial organs, stimuli-responsive devices, and micro/nano fabrications with higher dimensions.


Highlights:


1 An overview of the formation mechanisms, fabrication methods, and applications of bioinspired wrinkling patterns on curved substrates is provided.
2 The effect of substrate curvature is described in detail to clarify the difference of wrinkling patterns between planar and curved substrates.
3 Opportunities and challenges of the surface wrinkling in the biofabrication, three-dimensional micro/nano fabrication, and four-dimensional printing are discussed.

Keywords

Surface instability Wrinkling patterns Substrate curvature Micro/nano fabrications Low-dimensional materials
Tan, Yinlong, Biru Hu, Jia Song, Zengyong Chu, and Wenjian Wu. 2020. “Bioinspired Multiscale Wrinkling Patterns on Curved Substrates: An Overview”. Nano-Micro Letters 12 (April):101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00436-y.
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