Issue

Vol. 16 (2024)

Highly Efficient Back-End-of-Line Compatible Flexible Si-Based Optical Memristive Crossbar Array for Edge Neuromorphic Physiological Signal Processing and Bionic Machine Vision

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01456-8
Dayanand Kumar
Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955‑6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
Hanrui Li
Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955‑6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
Dhananjay D. Kumbhar
Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955‑6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
Manoj Kumar Rajbhar
Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955‑6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
Uttam Kumar Das
Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955‑6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
Abdul Momin Syed
Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955‑6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
Georgian Melinte
Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955‑6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
Nazek El‑Atab
Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955‑6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia

Corresponding Author: Nazek El‑Atab

nazek.elatab@kaust.edu.sa

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 16 (2024), Article Number: 238

Abstract

The emergence of the Internet-of-Things is anticipated to create a vast market for what are known as smart edge devices, opening numerous opportunities across countless domains, including personalized healthcare and advanced robotics. Leveraging 3D integration, edge devices can achieve unprecedented miniaturization while simultaneously boosting processing power and minimizing energy consumption. Here, we demonstrate a back-end-of-line compatible optoelectronic synapse with a transfer learning method on health care applications, including electroencephalogram (EEG)-based seizure prediction, electromyography (EMG)-based gesture recognition, and electrocardiogram (ECG)-based arrhythmia detection. With experiments on three biomedical datasets, we observe the classification accuracy improvement for the pretrained model with 2.93% on EEG, 4.90% on ECG, and 7.92% on EMG, respectively. The optical programming property of the device enables an ultra-low power (2.8 × 10−13 J) fine-tuning process and offers solutions for patient-specific issues in edge computing scenarios. Moreover, the device exhibits impressive light-sensitive characteristics that enable a range of light-triggered synaptic functions, making it promising for neuromorphic vision application. To display the benefits of these intricate synaptic properties, a 5 × 5 optoelectronic synapse array is developed, effectively simulating human visual perception and memory functions. The proposed flexible optoelectronic synapse holds immense potential for advancing the fields of neuromorphic physiological signal processing and artificial visual systems in wearable applications.


Highlights:
1 A novel optoelectronic synapse compatible with existing chip technology is demonstrated. This device excels in mimicking memory and learning functions using light, making it ideal for future neuromorphic computing in biomedicine.
2 Our design surpasses previous models with its ability to switch between short-term and long-term memory states using light pulses.
3 Experiments on real-world biomedical data (electroencephalogram, electromyography, electrocardiogram) showed significant improvement in classification accuracy. This highlights the device's potential for advanced physiological signal processing and wearable health monitoring systems.

Keywords

Neuromorphic computing Electrophysiological signal Artificial vision system Image recognition Memristor
Kumar, Dayanand, Hanrui Li, Dhananjay D. Kumbhar, Manoj Kumar Rajbhar, Uttam Kumar Das, Abdul Momin Syed, Georgian Melinte, and Nazek El‑Atab. 2024. “Highly Efficient Back-End-of-Line Compatible Flexible Si-Based Optical Memristive Crossbar Array for Edge Neuromorphic Physiological Signal Processing and Bionic Machine Vision”. Nano-Micro Letters 16 (July):238. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01456-8.
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