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Vol. 16 (2024)

Metal-Halide Perovskite Submicrometer-Thick Films for Ultra-Stable Self-Powered Direct X-Ray Detectors

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01393-6
Marco Girolami
CNR‑ISM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Sede Secondaria di Montelibretti, DiaTHEMA Lab, Strada Provinciale 35D, 9, 00010 Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
Fabio Matteocci
CHOSE – Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy, Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome ‘‘Tor Vergata’’, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
Sara Pettinato
CNR‑ISM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Sede Secondaria di Montelibretti, DiaTHEMA Lab, Strada Provinciale 35D, 9, 00010 Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
Valerio Serpente
CNR‑ISM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Sede Secondaria di Montelibretti, DiaTHEMA Lab, Strada Provinciale 35D, 9, 00010 Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
Eleonora Bolli
CNR‑ISM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Sede Secondaria di Montelibretti, DiaTHEMA Lab, Strada Provinciale 35D, 9, 00010 Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
Barbara Paci
SpecXLab, CNR‑ISM, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Istituto di Struttura Della Materia, Area della Ricerca di Tor Vergata, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
Amanda Generosi
SpecXLab, CNR‑ISM, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Istituto di Struttura Della Materia, Area della Ricerca di Tor Vergata, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
Stefano Salvatori
CNR‑ISM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Sede Secondaria di Montelibretti, DiaTHEMA Lab, Strada Provinciale 35D, 9, 00010 Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
Aldo Di Carlo
CHOSE – Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy, Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome ‘‘Tor Vergata’’, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
Daniele M. Trucchi
CNR‑ISM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Sede Secondaria di Montelibretti, DiaTHEMA Lab, Strada Provinciale 35D, 9, 00010 Montelibretti, Rome, Italy

Corresponding Author: Marco Girolami

marco.girolami@ism.cnr.it

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 16 (2024), Article Number: 182

Abstract

Metal-halide perovskites are revolutionizing the world of X-ray detectors, due to the development of sensitive, fast, and cost-effective devices. Self-powered operation, ensuring portability and low power consumption, has also been recently demonstrated in both bulk materials and thin films. However, the signal stability and repeatability under continuous X-ray exposure has only been tested up to a few hours, often reporting degradation of the detection performance. Here it is shown that self-powered direct X-ray detectors, fabricated starting from a FAPbBr3 submicrometer-thick film deposition onto a mesoporous TiO2 scaffold, can withstand a 26-day uninterrupted X-ray exposure with negligible signal loss, demonstrating ultra-high operational stability and excellent repeatability. No structural modification is observed after irradiation with a total ionizing dose of almost 200 Gy, revealing an unexpectedly high radiation hardness for a metal-halide perovskite thin film. In addition, trap-assisted photoconductive gain enabled the device to achieve a record bulk sensitivity of 7.28 C Gy−1 cm−3 at 0 V, an unprecedented value in the field of thin-film-based photoconductors and photodiodes for “hard” X-rays. Finally, prototypal validation under the X-ray beam produced by a medical linear accelerator for cancer treatment is also introduced.


Highlights:
1 Self-powered direct X-ray detectors, based on FAPbBr3 255-nm-thick films deposited onto mesoporous TiO2 scaffolds, can withstand a 26-day uninterrupted X-ray exposure with negligible signal loss, demonstrating ultra-high operational stability.
2 Bulk specific sensitivity is evaluated to be 7.28 C Gy−1 cm−3 at 0 V, an unprecedented value in the field of thin-film-based photoconductors and photodiodes for “hard” X-rays.
3 Sensitivity of submicrometer-thick perovskite films to the X-rays produced by a medical linear accelerator used for cancer treatment is here demonstrated for the first time.

Keywords

Metal-halide perovskite thin films Direct X-ray detectors Self-powered devices Operational stability Medical linear accelerator
Girolami, Marco, Fabio Matteocci, Sara Pettinato, Valerio Serpente, Eleonora Bolli, Barbara Paci, Amanda Generosi, Stefano Salvatori, Aldo Di Carlo, and Daniele M. Trucchi. 2024. “Metal-Halide Perovskite Submicrometer-Thick Films for Ultra-Stable Self-Powered Direct X-Ray Detectors”. Nano-Micro Letters 16 (April):182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01393-6.
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