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Vol. 16 (2024)

Layered Potassium Titanium Niobate/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite as a Potassium-Ion Battery Anode

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01222-2
Charlie A. F. Nason
Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
Ajay Piriya Vijaya Kumar Saroja
Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
Yi Lu
Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
Runzhe Wei
Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
Yupei Han
Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
Yang Xu
Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK

Corresponding Author: Yang Xu

y.xu.1@ucl.ac.uk

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 16 (2024), Article Number: 1

Abstract

With graphite currently leading as the most viable anode for potassium-ion batteries (KIBs), other materials have been left relatively under-examined. Transition metal oxides are among these, with many positive attributes such as synthetic maturity, long-term cycling stability and fast redox kinetics. Therefore, to address this research deficiency we report herein a layered potassium titanium niobate KTiNbO5 (KTNO) and its rGO nanocomposite (KTNO/rGO) synthesised via solvothermal methods as a high-performance anode for KIBs. Through effective distribution across the electrically conductive rGO, the electrochemical performance of the KTNO nanoparticles was enhanced. The potassium storage performance of the KTNO/rGO was demonstrated by its first charge capacity of 128.1 mAh g−1 and reversible capacity of 97.5 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 20 mA g−1, retaining 76.1% of the initial capacity, with an exceptional rate performance of 54.2 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1. Furthermore, to investigate the attributes of KTNO in-situ XRD was performed, indicating a low-strain material. Ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectra further investigated the mechanism of charge storage, with the titanium showing greater redox reversibility than the niobium. This work suggests this low-strain nature is a highly advantageous property and well worth regarding KTNO as a promising anode for future high-performance KIBs.


Highlights:
1 KTiNbO5 and KTiNbO5/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites were successfully synthesised via solvothermal methods. Optimising the rGO wt% yielded a composite with 12 wt% (KTNO/rGO-12).
2 KTNO/rGO-12 was tested for its potassium storage performance, achieving a first charge capacity of 128.1 mAh g−1 and retaining 76.1% over 500 cycles at 20 mAh g−1.
3 The mechanism of intercalation was examined, suggesting a potentially low-strain material, with both titanium and niobium redox activity contributing to the charge storage.

Keywords

Potassium-ion batteries Intercalation Transition metal oxides Anodes Nanocomposite
Nason, Charlie A. F., Ajay Piriya Vijaya Kumar Saroja, Yi Lu, Runzhe Wei, Yupei Han, and Yang Xu. 2023. “Layered Potassium Titanium Niobate/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite As a Potassium-Ion Battery Anode”. Nano-Micro Letters 16 (November):1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01222-2.
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