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Vol. 15 (2023)

An Electrochromic Nickel Phosphate Film for Large-Area Smart Window with Ultra-Large Optical Modulation

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-022-01002-4
Pengyang Lei
Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‑Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People’s Republic of China
Jinhui Wang
Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‑Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People’s Republic of China
Yi Gao
Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‑Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People’s Republic of China
Chengyu Hu
Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‑Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People’s Republic of China
Siyu Zhang
Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‑Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People’s Republic of China
Xingrui Tong
Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‑Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People’s Republic of China
Zhuanpei Wang
Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‑Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People’s Republic of China
Yuanhao Gao
Key Laboratory of Micro‑Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, Henan, People’s Republic of China
Guofa Cai
Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‑Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Guofa Cai

caiguofa@henu.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 15 (2023), Article Number: 34

Abstract

Exploring materials with high electrochemical activity is of keen interest for electrochemistry-controlled optical and energy storage devices. However, it remains a great challenge for transition metal oxides to meet this feature due to their low electron conductivity and insufficient reaction sites. Here, we propose a type of transition metal phosphate (NiHPO4·3H2O, NHP) by a facile and scalable electrodeposition method, which can achieve the capability of efficient ion accommodation and injection/extraction for electrochromic energy storage applications. Specifically, the NHP film with an ultra-high transmittance (approach to 100%) achieves a large optical modulation (90.8% at 500 nm), high coloration efficiency (75.4 cm2 C−1 at 500 nm), and a high specific capacity of 47.8 mAh g−1 at 0.4 A g−1. Furthermore, the transformation mechanism of NHP upon electrochemical reaction is systematically elucidated using in situ and ex situ techniques. Ultimately, a large-area electrochromic smart window with 100 cm2 is constructed based on the NHP electrode, displaying superior electrochromic energy storage performance in regulating natural light and storing electrical charges. Our findings may open up new strategies for developing advanced electrochromic energy storage materials and smart windows.


Highlights:


1 Transition metal phosphates were first developed for the electrochromic application.
2 The obtained NiHPO4·3H2O film achieves an ultra-large optical modulation of 90.8%, and the electrochromic mechanism is systematically elucidated using in situ and ex situ techniques.
3 A large-area electrochromic smart window with 100 cm2 is constructed, which displays superior performances in regulating natural lighting and storing electrical charges.

Keywords

Electrochromism Transition metal phosphates Optical modulation Smart window Energy storage
Lei, Pengyang, Jinhui Wang, Yi Gao, Chengyu Hu, Siyu Zhang, Xingrui Tong, Zhuanpei Wang, Yuanhao Gao, and Guofa Cai. 2023. “An Electrochromic Nickel Phosphate Film for Large-Area Smart Window With Ultra-Large Optical Modulation”. Nano-Micro Letters 15 (January):34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-022-01002-4.
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