Green synthesis and characterization of palladium nanoparticles and its conjugates from solanum trilobatum leaf extract
Corresponding Author: Amarnath Kanchana
Nano-Micro Letters,
Vol. 2 No. 3 (2010), Article Number: 169-176
Abstract
An important area of research in nanotechnology deals with the synthesis of nanoparticles of different chemical compositions, sizes and controlled monodispersity. Currently, there is a growing need to develop environmentally benign nanoparticle synthesis in which no toxic chemicals are used in the synthesis protocol. Palladium nanoparticles (PdNp) are of interest because of their catalytic properties and affinity for hydrogen. Our protocol for the phyto-synthesis of PdNp under moderate pH and room temperature offers a new means to develop environmentally benign nanoparticles. Solanum trilobatum is enlightened in our present study as it is enriched with phytochemicals to reduce palladium chloride ions. Poly MVA a dietary supplement based on the nontoxic chemotherapeutic lipoic acid-palladium complex (LA-Pd) is been hypothesized as the new paradigm of cancer therapy. Hence forth we successfully conjugated lipoic acid (S-PdNp-LA) and vitamins (S-PdNp-Vitamin-LA) to palladium nanoparticles synthesised from Solanum trilobatum leaf extract. These nanoparticles (S-PdNp, S-PdNp-LA, S-PdNp-Vitamin-LA) were characterized with UV-Vis Spectroscopy, SEM and FTIR analysis, which revealed that S-PdNp are polydisperse and of different morphologies ranging from 60∼70 nm (S-PdNp), 65∼80 nm (S-PdNp-LA) and 75∼100 nm (S-PdNp-Vitamin-LA) in size.
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A. Leela and M. Vivekanandan, African J. Biotechnol. 7, 3162 (2008).
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V. Parashar, R. Parashar, B. Sharma and A. C. Pandey, Digest J. Nanomater. Biostruct. 4, 45 (2009).
P. Mohanpuria, N. Rana and K. S. K. Yadav, J Nanopart. Res. 10, 507 (2008).
S. S. Shankar, A. Rai, A. Ahmad and M. Sastry, J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 275, 496 (2004). doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2004.03.003
J. L. Gardea-Torresdey, E. Gomez, J. Peralta-Videa, J. G. Parsons, H. E. Troiani and P. Santiago, Nano Lett. 2, 397 (2002). doi:10.1021/nl015673+
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B. Amkamwar, C. Damle, A. Ahmad and M. Sastry, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 5, 1665 (2005). doi:10.1166/jnn.2005.184
S. Li, Y. Shen, A. Xie, X. Yu, L. Qiu, L. Zhang and Q. Zhang, Green Chem. 9, 852 (2007). doi:10.1039/b615357g
S. S. Shankar, A. Rai, A. Ahmad and M. Sastry, Biotechnol. Prog. 19, 1627 (2003). doi:10.1021/bp034070w
S. S. Shankar, A. Rai, A. Ahmad and M. Sastry, App. Nano Sci. 1, 69 (2004).
J. Y. Song and B. S. Kim, Korean J. Chem. Eng. 25, 808 (2008). doi:10.1007/s11814-008-0133-z
J. Y. Song, H-K. Hyeon-Kyeong Jang and B. S. Kim, Process Biochem. 44, 1133 (2009). doi:10.1016/j.procbio.2009.06.005
K. B. Narayanan and N. Sakthivel, Mater. Lett. 62, 4588 (2008). doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2008.08.044
B. S. Kim, J.Y. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 399 (2009).
P. Mohanpuria, N. K. Rana and S. K. Yadav, J. Nanopart Res. 10, 507 (2008). doi:10.1007/s11051-007-9275-x
M. N. Nadagouda and R. S. Varma, Green Chem. 10, 859 (2008). doi:10.1039/b804703k
L. Jia, V. Wang and N. He, Nanotechnology 20, 385601 (2009). doi:10.1088/0957-4484/20/38/385601
N. Mallikarjuna, S. Nadagouda and Rajender, Varma npeng Wang, N. He and L. Ji, Green Chem. 10, 859 (2008). doi:10.1039/b804703k
M. Garnett, J. Inorg. Biochem. 59, 48 (1995). doi:10.1016/0162-0134(95)97337-P
G. wade, and M. Garnett, “Charge relay from molybdate oxiradicals from palladium-lipoic complex to DNA” paper presented on conference on Oxygen metabolites in matabollichemistry, univ. of minnesota, (1996).
M. Garnett, Garnett Mc. Keen Med. Sci. Ser. 1, 1 (2002a).
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F. J. Antonawich, S. M. Fiore and L. M. Welicky, Exp. Neurol. 189, 10 (2004). doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.05.011
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B. Monavallil, A. Raja Rajeswari, V. Gowri and A. Kanchana, J. Natural Sci. Technol. Life Sci. Bioinform. 2, 168 (2010).
M. Sathishkumar, K. Sneha, In Seob Kwak, Juan Mao, S. J. Tripathy and Y.-S. Yun, J. Hazardous Mater. 171, 400 (2009). doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.06.014
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Mee-Kyung Chung and M. Schlaf, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 7386 (2004). doi:10.1021/ja049386u
M. Abubaker, H. Muhammed, S. Ramesh, S. S. Sinha, S. K. Pal and T. Pradeep, Nano Res 1, 333 (2008). doi:10.1007/s12274-008-8035-2
P. Mulvaney, Langmuir. 12, 788 (1996). doi:10.1021/la9502711
S. C. Prathap, M. Chaudhary, R. Pasricha, A. Ahmad and M. Sastry, Biotechnol. Prog. 22, 577 (2006). doi:10.1021/bp0501423
Y. Xia and N. J. Halas, Mrs. Bull. 30, 338 (2005).
G. Mie and A. D. Physik. 25, 377 (1908). doi:10.1002/andp.19083300302
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S. Shiv Shankar, A. Ahmad and M. Sastry, Biotechnol. Prog. 19, 1627 (2003). doi:10.1021/bp034070w
S. Shiv Shankar, A. Rai, A. Ahmad and M. Sastry, J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 275, 496 (2004). doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2004.03.003
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